In the last days I’ve been migrating old maps from BizTalk Server 2004 to the last versions of BizTalk Server: 2013 and 2013 R2 and I have seen several “styles/approaches” to address mappings, some of them great, some of them not so much and other completely crazy.
Today I will address a topic that I, unfortunately, have seen constantly: Reusing Scripting Functoids with Inline C# inside the same map. This is also something that I address in my book: “BizTalk Mapping Patterns & Best Practices”
Inline scripts are convenient for custom code that you are unlikely to use elsewhere in your application or other maps. In addition to being convenient for one-time scripts, inline scripts are also useful for declaring global variables for use among a number of scripts and to use several times inside the same map.
In general, some of the main reasons to use Scripting Functoid are:
- Perform functions otherwise not available with built-in Functoids
- It also allows you to perform complex logic transformations that are impossible to make with built-in Functoids.
- To simplify the map, making it sometimes more easy to read, instead of using a complex Functoid chain
- Or simply to optimize the transformation rules
However, you need to have some precautions when using, or reusing the same, Custom Inline C# scripts inside the Scripting Functoid:
- Function Names Limitation
- Compiler limitations
- Reusability
Function Names Limitation
For each function/method inside the Scripting Functoid you need to give different Method statements (name of the method + method parameters). If you have the same Method statement with different behaviors inside, for example:
- In the first Scripting Functoid:
public string FormatDate(string inputDate, string inputFormat, string outputFormat)
{
System.DateTime date;
if (System.DateTime.TryParseExact(inputDate, inputFormat,
System.Globalization.CultureInfo.InvariantCulture,
System.Globalization.DateTimeStyles.AssumeLocal, out date))
{
return date.ToString(outputFormat);
}
return "";
}
- And in the second Scripting Functoid:
public string FormatDate(string inputDate, string inputFormat, string outputFormat)
{
if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(inputDate))
return System.DateTime.Now.ToString(outputFormat);
return inputDate;
}
![Different-Scripting-Functoid-With-The-Same-Name-Not-Ok]( "Different-Scripting-Functoid-With-The-Same-Name-Not-Ok")
Because both methods have the name and the same number of parameters, the mapper will interpret has the same, regardless if the code inside the functions are the same of not. In this case the first mapping rules to be reached is the first scripting functoid, which means that the second code inside the second functoid will be ignored and instead will be executed the exact same code that the first one, which is not what intended to do.
You can validate this map behavior if you validate the map and see the XSL produced:
<msxsl:script language="C#" implements-prefix="userCSharp"><![CDATA[
public string FormatDate(string inputDate, string inputFormat, string outputFormat)
{
System.DateTime date;
if (System.DateTime.TryParseExact(inputDate, inputFormat, System.Globalization.CultureInfo.InvariantCulture, System.Globalization.DateTimeStyles.AssumeLocal, out date))
{
return date.ToString(outputFormat);
}
return "";
}
]]></msxsl:script>
To fixed this we need to give a different name to the second method, for example:
public string ValidateAndFormatDate(string inputDate, string inputFormat, string outputFormat)
{
if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(inputDate))
return System.DateTime.Now.ToString(outputFormat);
return inputDate;
}
Nevertheless, you can give the same method name, if the method has a different number of inputs, for example this case is a valid example:
- In the first Scripting Functoid:
public string FormatDate(string inputDate, string inputFormat, string outputFormat)
{
System.DateTime date;
if (System.DateTime.TryParseExact(inputDate, inputFormat,
System.Globalization.CultureInfo.InvariantCulture,
System.Globalization.DateTimeStyles.AssumeLocal, out date))
{
return date.ToString(outputFormat);
}
return "";
}
- And in the second Scripting Functoid:
public string FormatDate()
{
return System.DateTime.Now.ToString();
}
![Different-Scripting-Functoid-With-The-Same-Name-Ok]( "Different-Scripting-Functoid-With-The-Same-Name-Ok")
Once again if you validate the map to see the XSL produced, you can see that in this case both functions are being generated:
<msxsl:script language="C#" implements-prefix="userCSharp"><![CDATA[
public string FormatDate(string inputDate, string inputFormat, string outputFormat)
{
System.DateTime date;
if (System.DateTime.TryParseExact(inputDate, inputFormat, System.Globalization.CultureInfo.InvariantCulture, System.Globalization.DateTimeStyles.AssumeLocal, out date))
{
return date.ToString(outputFormat);
}
return "";
}
public string FormatDate()
{
return System.DateTime.Now.ToString();
}
]]></msxsl:script>
Compiler limitations
When you create a script, for example a C# function, remember to give it a correct name because all scripts with the same name are treated as one by the compiler regardless of whether the code is equal or not.
You also have to take in consideration that BizTalk Mapper engine will save the inline scripts in the Extensible Stylesheet Language Transformations (XSLT) Stylesheet defining the map in the within the msxsl:script element. The following namespaces are supported by default: System, System.Collection, System.Text, System.Text.RegularExpressions, System.Xml, System.Xml.Xsl, System.Xml.Xpath, Microsoft.VisualBasic. You can add support for additional namespaces outside the listed using the namespace attribute of the child element, <msxsl:using>, of the <msxsl:script> element, but this will force us to use an External Custom XSLT file to accomplish the transformation. See more here: XSLT Stylesheet Scripting Using <msxsl:script> (http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/533texsx%28v=vs.110%29.aspx)
Reusability
Now let go to the main topic of this post Reusability of Scripting Functoids with Inline C# inside the same map.
What I normally see is people doing two things:
- Copy and paste the entire method to all the Scripting Functoids – I’m calling that: Reusing in a Bad Way
- In this case both scripting functoids have the exact same code
public string FormatDate(string inputDate, string inputFormat, string outputFormat)
{
System.DateTime date;
if (System.DateTime.TryParseExact(inputDate, inputFormat,
System.Globalization.CultureInfo.InvariantCulture,
System.Globalization.DateTimeStyles.AssumeLocal, out date))
{
return date.ToString(outputFormat);
}
return "";
}
![Reuse-Scripting-Functoid-Bad-Way]( "Reuse-Scripting-Functoid-Bad-Way")
This is a very simple case, now imagine a map with several grid pages and several functoids. The problem is this approach, as we explained earlier, is that if we for some reason change the code of one the scripting functoids, that is not the first to be translated by the mapper engine, the changes will not take effect!!!
- Copy and paste the entire method to all the Scripting Functoids and give it a different name! – I’m calling that: Reusing in a Crazy Way
- In this case the first scripting functoids have:
public string FormatDate(string inputDate, string inputFormat, string outputFormat)
{
System.DateTime date;
if (System.DateTime.TryParseExact(inputDate, inputFormat,
System.Globalization.CultureInfo.InvariantCulture,
System.Globalization.DateTimeStyles.AssumeLocal, out date))
{
return date.ToString(outputFormat);
}
return "";
}
public string FormatDate2(string inputDate, string inputFormat, string outputFormat)
{
System.DateTime date;
if (System.DateTime.TryParseExact(inputDate, inputFormat,
System.Globalization.CultureInfo.InvariantCulture,
System.Globalization.DateTimeStyles.AssumeLocal, out date))
{
return date.ToString(outputFormat);
}
return "";
}
The one difference is that the first one is call FormatDate and the second FormatDate2. I’m not joking, I saw this approach being used nearly 8 times (Func1, Func2, Func3, Func4, … Func8) in a map! Of course this solve the problem of the first approach but now you have another! The artifact size deployed will be larger, not critical, but if you can avoid is better. This will happen because in this case all method will be embed in the XSL file that will be deployed to your environment.
<msxsl:script language="C#" implements-prefix="userCSharp"><![CDATA[
public string FormatDate(string inputDate, string inputFormat, string outputFormat)
{
System.DateTime date;
if (System.DateTime.TryParseExact(inputDate, inputFormat, System.Globalization.CultureInfo.InvariantCulture, System.Globalization.DateTimeStyles.AssumeLocal, out date))
{
return date.ToString(outputFormat);
}
return "";
}
public string FormatDate2(string inputDate, string inputFormat, string outputFormat)
{
System.DateTime date;
if (System.DateTime.TryParseExact(inputDate, inputFormat, System.Globalization.CultureInfo.InvariantCulture, System.Globalization.DateTimeStyles.AssumeLocal, out date))
{
return date.ToString(outputFormat);
}
return "";
}
]]></msxsl:script>
Another problem, even worse, of this approach is that, if you need to make some changes in the method… you need to do the same changes in every single functoid! If you want them to work in a coherent and transparent way.
So what is the best way to reuse Scripting Functoids with inline C#?
Easy! You need to remember that when you have two or more Custom Inline C# scripts with the same Method statement (name of the method + method parameters), the compile will only take in consideration the first one linked in the map, even if the others have a different code inside they are ignored by the compiler.
![Reuse-Scripting-Functoid-Good-Way]( "Reuse-Scripting-Functoid-Good-Way")
When we use Custom Inline C# scripts the best way to implement reusability is to specify the body function in only one Scripting Functoid and the remaining ones specify only the function declaration, in this sample in the first Scripting Functoid will have the following code:
public string FormatDate(string inputDate, string inputFormat, string outputFormat)
{
System.DateTime date;
if (System.DateTime.TryParseExact(inputDate, inputFormat,
System.Globalization.CultureInfo.InvariantCulture,
System.Globalization.DateTimeStyles.AssumeLocal, out date))
{
return date.ToString(outputFormat);
}
return "";
}
And the second one only the following declaration:
public string FormatDate(string inputDate, string inputFormat, string outputFormat)
Easy, isn’t it?
Hope you enjoy it.
You can download this tool here:
![]( "BizTalk Mapper Tips and Tricks: How To Reuse Scripting Functoids with Inline C#")
BizTalk Mapper Tips and Tricks: How To Reuse Scripting Functoids with Inline C# (18,6 KB)
Microsoft | Code Gallery
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